Cancer is the result of mutation of the genes responsible for the growth and health of the cells in the body. This abnormal proliferation may occur in the breast cells which is called breast cancer resulting in a tumor. Breast cancer is common in women but men are also susceptible to breast cancer.
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Symptoms of breast cancer
People suffering from breast cancer may not show symptoms at all, especially in its early stages. But a new lump or mass in the breast can be indicative of breast cancer. Generally, any changes to the breast appearance texture, and pain can be a sign of breast cancer.
- Nipple discharge
- Redness
- Breast or nipple pain
- Dimpling
- Swelling of the breast can also be a sign of breast cancer.
Screening procedure
Breast cancer has a better prognosis once treated in its early stages. Thus, women are advised to undergo routine screening procedures to detect breast cancer earlier.
- Monthly self-breast examination,
- Clinical breast examination
- Mammography
These are the recommended routine screening procedures to detect breast cancer, even without obvious symptoms.
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Risks
Breast cancer development can be associated with:
- A family history of breast cancer
- Early onset of menstruation
- Late menopause
- Dense breast tissue
- Exposure of carcinogens
- The use of oral contraceptives
- Excessive alcohol.
- Types of breast cancer
Breast cancer has various types. Some types are ductal carcinoma, lobular carcinoma, mucinous carcinoma, mixed tumors, and inflammatory breast cancer.
Treatment
Treatment of breast cancer is dependent on the type of cancer and its stage. Basic treatment options available to breast cancer patients are: Surgery, which involves the removal of cancerous tissues, radiation therapy that aims to destroy cancer cells by the use of high-energy rays, and chemotherapy which treats breast cancer with medications.
Consult your general practitioner wherever you notice any changes in your breast. You can examine yourself and refer yourself to a specialist if necessary.
