Mood and anxiety disorders remain common in older adults

A study has found that many older adults, especially women, may still suffer from mood and anxiety disorders, which appear to decline with age.

"Knowledge of the prevalence of mood and anxiety disorders and co-existing mood-anxiety disorder in older community-dwelling adults is important; these are hidden and under treated but treatable disorders associated with poor health outcomes," the authors write as background information in the article.

Amy L Byers, PhD, M.P.H., of the University of California, San Francisco, and San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and colleagues determined nationally representative estimates of mood, anxiety and combined mood and anxiety disorders using a sample of 2,575 survey participants age 55 and older.

Of these, 43% were ages 55 to 64; 32%, 65 to 74 years; 20%, 75 to 84 years; and 5%, 85 years or older.

A total of 5% of participants had a mood disorder, including major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder, within the previous year.

Rates of anxiety disorders-such as panic disorder, agoraphobia, other phobias, generalized anxiety disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder-were 12% overall.

About 3% had co-occurring mood and anxiety disorders.

Prevalence of all the conditions declined with age. When comparing persons age 55 to 64 with those age 85 and older, 7.6% vs. 2.4% had mood disorders, 16.6% vs. 8.1% had anxiety disorders, and 4.8% vs. 0% had both conditions.

Women were more likely to have any of the disorders than men; 6.4% of women and 3% of men had mood disorders, 14.7% of women and 7.6% of men had anxiety disorders, and 3.7 of women and 1.6% of men had both.

"The study of nationally representative samples provides evidence for research and policy planning that helps to define community-based priorities for future psychiatric research," the authors wrote.

"The findings of this study emphasize the importance of individual and co-existing mood and anxiety disorders when studying older adults, even the oldest cohorts.

"Further study of risk factors, course and severity is needed to target intervention, prevention and health care needs.

"Given the rapid aging of the US population, the potential public health burden of late-life mental health disorders will likely grow as well, suggesting the importance of continued epidemiologic monitoring of the mental health status of the young-old, mid-old, old-old and oldest-old cohorts," they concluded.

The findings have been published in the May issue of Archives of General Psychiatry, one of the JAMA/Archives journals.