Jul 21, 2024, 04:34 PM IST
Located in present-day Iraq, it developed writing (cuneiform), the wheel, and early forms of mathematics and astronomy.
Situated along the Nile River, it is known for hieroglyphic writing, monumental architecture, and advances in medicine and engineering.
Found in present-day Pakistan and northwest India, it featured urban planning, advanced drainage systems, and trade networks.
Originating in the Yellow and Yangtze River valleys, it contributed papermaking, gunpowder, the compass, and Confucianism.
Located on Crete, it had advanced architecture, extensive trade, and early writing (Linear A).
Based in mainland Greece, it influenced Greek language, culture, and architecture (fortresses and tombs).
Spread across Greece and the Mediterranean, it introduced democracy, philosophy, literature, and the Olympic Games.
Located on Mexico's Gulf Coast, it created colossal head sculptures and early Mesoamerican calendar and writing systems.